PRONOUNS

  • A pronoun acts as a noun or noun phrase.
  • A pronoun refers to someone or something in the discourse or mentioned elsewhere.

Not + everyone | everything | every | all

C1, DETERMINERS, indefinite, NEGATIVE, PRONOUNS

In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 26 in the category of NEGATION is defined as: ‘not’ with indefinite pronouns ‘everyone’ and ‘everything’ and determiners ‘every’, ‘all’ For example: Not everyone is always looking for easier. (more context) Besides, not everyone needs a decent education. (more context) PELIC student example: level 3 Portuguese female: Finally, not all things you think to do in this world can turn out in the way you try to do them. […]

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neither | either + of + PLURAL NOUN PHRASE

C1, DETERMINERS, phrases, plural, PRONOUNS, quantity

‘Either’ can mean “the one or the other.” ‘Neither’ can mean “not the one and not the other” or “not either.” C1 English Grammar Profile point 63 in DETERMINERS/quantity is defined as: ‘either’ and ‘neither’ + ‘of’ with plural noun phrases or pronouns. For example: Neither of these men is Chaney. (note the subject-verb agreement!) listen I don’t think

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whatever | wherever | whenever | however

C1, C2, CONJUNCTIONS, DETERMINERS, FOCUS, PRONOUNS, subordinate

In the English Vocabulary Profile, ‘Whatever’ is listed as a pronoun at B1 meaning ‘anything’ or ‘everything’, one example they give is: Whatever I say I always seem to get it wrong. This EVP example could be rewritten as: I always seem to get whatever I say wrong.   As a pronoun or a determiner at B2 meaning ‘no difference’: Whatever you decide, I hope you enjoy a wonderful summer. It could be rewritten as I hope you enjoy a wonderful summer

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the best + PRONOUN + can | could

ADVERBS, C1, CLAUSES, ellipsis, PRONOUNS, superlative

Here are 2 examples of post-modifying a superlative adverb phrase with a clause containing an ellipted modal verb: I do the best I can with what I have. I go about my business, make money, help society the best I can and try to promote free trade in this world. listen   You know, I did the best I could with what I had. listen C1 English Grammar Profile point 118 in the category of CLAUSES is defined as: ‘the best’ as a superlative adverb + pronoun + ellipted ‘can’ or ‘could’.

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DON’T LET + pronoun (permission/order)

C1, CLAUSES, NEGATIVE, order, permission, PRONOUNS

Here are two examples of ordering someone not to allow something: Don’t let him get away. listen Don’t let them go. listen C1 point 117 in CLAUSES/imperatives is defined as: an imperative clause with ‘let’ + ‘him/her/them’ + base form of a main verb, to disallow something or instruct someone to disallow something *I disagree that ‘him|her|them’ should

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(one of | some of | among ) the + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN

ADJECTIVES, B1, B2, degree, GSE, indefinite, NOUNS, phrases, plural, PREPOSITIONS, PRONOUNS, quantity, superlative

The grammar “one | some + of the + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN” is used to describe something that is among the best or most extreme of its kind. The word “one” or “some” can be used to indicate that the thing being described is only one of a few, while the word “of” indicates that the thing is part of a larger group. The superlative adjective is used to compare the thing being described to all other things of its kind, and the plural noun indicates that the thing is more than one.

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THIS (pronoun)

A2, B1, demonstrative, DETERMINERS, PRONOUNS, singular, time

This is one of the most important documents in history. listen Demonstrating Proximity: The word “this” is commonly used to indicate objects or ideas that are physically close to the speaker or writer. In sentence above, it refers to a specific document that is being discussed. Essentially, it points to something nearby or within immediate reach. Profiling Research Here are a few

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all | one | some + OF + these | those | this | that

B1, demonstrative, DETERMINERS, modify, PRONOUNS, quantity

In the English Grammar Profile, B1 point 52 in the category of PRONOUNS / demonstratives is defined as: quantifying determiners + ‘of’ with demonstrative pronouns An iWeb search for: _DD of _DD 1 SOME OF THESE 258542  STUDENT example: The hospitality in Saudi Arabia is very different between provinces.  Some of these have traditional hospitality, but others have modern hospitality. PELIC Arabic male level 3

all | one | some + OF + these | those | this | that Read More »

THESE (pronoun)

B1, demonstrative, PRONOUNS

In the English Grammar Profile, B1 point 56 in the category of PRONOUNS/demonstratives is defined as: ‘these’ to refer to something with immediate relevance which has already been mentioned. For example: He writes messages on the back of these. listen Here’s an iWeb search for: * * * these . 1 A COMBINATION OF THESE. 839 2 A FEW

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ONE (pronoun)

A2, complements, modify, PRONOUNS, substitution

In the English Grammar Profile, A2 point 16 in the category of PRONOUNS/substitution: ‘the one’ and ‘the’ + pre-modifier + ‘one’ with a complement, to refer to something specific. Point 35 in PRONOUNS/substitution is defined as: substitute for singular countable nouns which have already been mentioned or are obvious from the context. *There are a

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ANOTHER

addition, article, B1, DETERMINERS, object, PRONOUNS, quantity, subject

‘Another‘ is listed at A2 in the English Vocabulary Profile as a determiner or pronoun, with the meanings: one more person or thing, or an additional amount a different person or thing of the same type In the English Grammar Profile at B1, there are many points covering the use of ‘another’.  Considering that they

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indefinite pronouns: SOMEBODY SOMEONE EVERYBODY EVERYONE

A2, complements, indefinite, object, PREPOSITIONS, PRONOUNS, subject

Here are the search results in iWeb corpus for the frequency of indefinite pronouns with the tag: _PN1 1 SOMETHING 7038440 B1  (want + object + infinitive) Are you sure you don’t want something to eat? No, thanks.  I‘m fine. listen 2 ONE 7014912 3 EVERYTHING 3661675 4 SOMEONE 3447852 5 ANYTHING 3347394 6 EVERYONE 3007402 7 NOTHING 2966176 8 ANYONE 2741077 9 NO

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SOME (pronoun)

A2, PRONOUNS, quantity

Point 11 in PRONOUNS / quantity is defined as:  ‘some’ as a subject and object to refer back to a plural or uncountable noun. In Iweb we can locate: some _V 1 SOME ARE 161614 2 SOME HAVE 89170 3 SOME MAY 61339 4 SOME WILL 48577 5 SOME SAY 42610 6 SOME WERE 38173

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‘It is said that …’ (IT + passive)

belief, C1, GSE, opinion, PASSIVES, PRONOUNS, subject

Let’s take a look at an IELTS writing task 2 example with this grammar: It is argued that volunteering should be made a part of the school curriculum. In the above example, ‘is argued‘ forms the passive part.  The active form of this is probably: ‘People argue that…” In our example, ‘people’ is not important or maybe we don’t know who

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THEIRS (object)

B2, object, possessive, PRONOUNS

Point 97 in PRONOUNS is defined as: possessive ‘THEIRS’ with singular and plural reference, in object positions, and complement positions after ‘be’ and after prepositions. An iWeb search for * * * * theirs . : 1 YOUR PROBLEM , NOT THEIRS . 31 2 . THE CHOICE IS THEIRS . 27 3 BE THE

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HERS (object)

B2, object, possessive, PRONOUNS, singular

Point 96 in PRONOUNS is defined as: possessive pronoun ‘hers’, with singular reference, in object positions, and complement positions after ‘be’ and after prepositions. In iWeb: * * _vb hers 1 THE CHOICE IS HERS 28   BabyGaga What To Do If Someone Announced Your Pregnancy Before You Were Ready The choice is hers to

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