The adverb ‘otherwise‘ has 3 listings in the English Vocabulary Profile. WHAT WOULD HAPPEN B1 used after an order or suggestion to show what the result will be if you do not follow that order or suggestion A search in the NOW corpus for: , otherwise _P _V 1 , OTHERWISE IT WILL 1394 There …
While working on another piece of grammar, I noticed a complex piece of grammar that is not listed in the English Grammar Profile. There are many grammar points that are listed that are about adverbs in the middle position, but none about two which should be listed at C2. A search in iWeb corpus for …
In the English Vocabulary Profile at C1, YET from now and for a particular period of time in the future A search in the NOW corpus for: for a _JJ _NNT yet 1 FOR A LONG TIME YET 605 I‘m not gonna die for a long time yet. The Babadook 2 FOR A LITTLE WHILE YET 197 Dinner won’t be ready for a little while yet. Little Deaths 3 …
The form ‘will just have to‘ is listed at C1 in the English Vocabulary Profile. A search in iWeb: 1 WILL JUST HAVE TO WAIT 1279 2 WILL JUST HAVE TO GET 252 3 WILL JUST HAVE TO SEE 246 4 WILL JUST HAVE TO KEEP 223 5 WILL JUST HAVE TO MAKE 199 6 …
Affirmative declarative clauses are statements that express how things are. Modal verbs are verbs that indicate possibility, ability, permission, obligation, etc. Affirmative declarative clauses with modal verbs combine the subject, the modal verb and the bare infinitive of the main verb.
The future perfect passive is formed with the structure: WILL HAVE BEEN + PASSIVE PARTICIPLE Here’s an EXPERT EXAMPLE of future perfect passive: If you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep. TED The ending -t in (spent) is an irregular inflection for the passive participle, which regularly ends in -ed: PEARSON GSE 67 B2+ future perfect passive simple …
On Pearson’s scale at GSE 71 B2+ describe present or future outcomes of a hypothetical situation using initial ‘only if’ with inversion of subject and object. ‘Only if’ + first/second conditional with inversion The complexity of this structure is highly unlikely to be B2 as Pearson has it listed. The most similar EGP construction is …
Let’s start with A1 grammar to explain how to form modal verb questions when asking for something. Here is an affirmative declarative sentence: I can get some help. To form a yes/no question with a modal auxiliary verb, invert the subject and the modal verb I can → Can I follow it with the bare …
Point 33 in the category of FUTURE is defined: future simple: FIXED PLANS WITH ‘WILL’ often with timetabled times and dates. *Also see will-future-simple PELIC STUDENT EXAMPLE: I will go to New York on Thanksgiving day. Korean female level 2 writing class.
B1 FUTURE continuous NEGATIVE WITH ‘WILL’ (won’t)
English Grammar Profile
Here’s a student example of a future conditional sentence: If you don’t care about the topic, you will have a confusing party. PELIC Chinese female level 3 writing class. Expert example: And if you don’t give it a rest, you‘re gonna lose your voice completely. American Splendor There are many English Grammar Profile points in multiple categories that highlight the same grammar point. A2 point 15 in the category of PRESENT: Present simple after ‘if‘ to talk …
Here’s an example of using ‘will’ to talk about habits and characteristic (typical) behaviour: The suspect will often leave something behind. listen C1 point 189 in MODALITY is defined as: ‘will’ to talk about something HABITUAL AND TYPICAL The English Grammar Profile examples contain: will result normally will usually contain will often knock won’t usually be able to *We can’t …
C1 The present simple with ‘by the time’ to refer to the future.
English Grammar Profile
C1 English Grammar Profile point 61 in FUTURE is defined as: future perfect simple with adverbs in the normal mid-position For example: Something somewhere will always have changed. An iWeb search for: will _R have _VVN 1 WILL PROBABLY HAVE NOTICED 102 Forbes How To Make This E-Commerce Holiday Season Your Best Yet Anyone shopping in-store will probably have noticed the first few holiday decorations being put up. 2 WILL …
Here are 2 examples of post-modifying a superlative adverb phrase with a clause containing an ellipted modal verb: I do the best I can with what I have. I go about my business, make money, help society the best I can and try to promote free trade in this world. listen You know, I did the best I could with what I had. listen C1 English Grammar Profile point 118 in the category of CLAUSES is defined as: ‘the best’ as a superlative adverb + pronoun + ellipted ‘can’ or ‘could’. …
Example: “Will you have achieved your goals by the end of the year?” The future perfect simple is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” followed by the subject, then “have” and the past participle of the main verb. In this case, the main verb is “achieved,” which is the past participle form of “achieve.” …
The modal verbs: Will / Shall are often used with the pronouns I and we to show our intentions and to make promises with future simple. In the mid-position, the adverbs: ‘always’ and ‘never’ can make it quite clear that these statements are intended to be true for a long time. For example: This is a day we shall …
will | shall + always | never (long-term intention) Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, C2 point 66 in the category of FUTURE is defined as: INVERSION present simple with ‘only when’ (followed by ‘will’ and inverted subject) to refer to the future. A search on Google News: The Irish Times Miriam Lord: Séamus the Dog beats Mary Lou to the hard questions “And …
Only when + PRESENT SIMPLE + will INVERTED SUBJECT Read More »
In this post, we cover the hard-to-distinguish proficiency levels when using the future simple ‘will’. Note that some of these overlap with ‘shall’ but we are not focussed on that here. We also are not covering ‘will’ and something that is easier to formally differentiate the grammar point. These points are doubled up on Future and Modality. *Point numbers come from downloading the full categories.
A1
FUTURE 1 AFFIRMATIVE | MODALITY 9 affirmative
FUTURE 2 plans and intentions | MODALITY 8 PLANS AND INTENTIONS
A2
FUTURE 6 negative forms ‘will not’ and ‘won’t’ | MODALITY 14 will A2 negative forms
FUTURE 7 WILLINGNESS | MODALITY 54 WILLINGNESS, OFFERS
FUTURE 8 PLANS AND INTENTIONS (*all the examples are yes-no questions) | MODALITY 28 ask about plans and intentions.
FUTURE 19 QUESTIONS | MODALITY 43 will A2 question form
FUTURE 20 make requests. (questions) | MODALITY 44 make requests in a limited range of contexts
B1
FUTURE 27 PREDICTIONS | MODALITY 82 B1 make predictions & question tags
*FUTURE 33 FIXED PLANS often with timetabled times and dates | MODALITY 106 B1 ‘will’ to talk about fixed plans in the future, often with timetabled times or dates.
*216 MODALITY C2 WILLFULNESS OR DISAPPROVAL ‘will’ to talk about general behaviour, often disapprovingly. (the example uses an exclamation point)
In the English Grammar Profile, A2 point 28 in the category of DETERMINERS is defined as: increasing range of quantifying determiners with singular nouns (‘each’, ‘an’, ‘one’ and numbers) Also note that, in the English Vocabulary Profile: one day = A2 used to talk about something that happened in the past one day/some day/one of …
