The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages is one standard for describing English language ability. It is divided from A1 for beginners to C2 for mastery. English Grammar Pro uses this for all of its grammar posts.
C1 points: 114 in CLAUSES/conditional is defined as: subordinate conditional clauses with ‘if you should’, in polite, formal contexts *Most of the English Grammar Profile examples include: ‘if you should have any’ (questions|concerns|problems) + don’t hesitate…’ Therefore, this is offering help or giving advice. ‘should’ here gives a slight feeling of ‘it is unlikely’ or […]
C1 point 112 in CLAUSES/conditional is defined as: Conditional subordinate clauses with ‘if’ + the past perfect simple and modal verb + ‘have’ + ‘-ed’ in the main clause, to talk about imagined situations in the past, often with regret. *Note the same definition with ‘would‘ is listed at B1! Basically, this means that for
if + PAST PERFECT + MODAL VERBS Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, point 107 in CLAUSES/subordinated is defined as: non-finite subordinate clause with an ‘-ed’ form, before a main clause, to give focus This is an overlapping grammar point for C1 point 7 FOCUS. A search in iWeb for . _VVN 1 . GONE ARE THE DAYS 5606 2 . MADE IN
non-finite subordinate clause Read More »
C1 English Grammar Profile point 106 in CLAUSES is defined as: ellipted ‘if’ clauses with ‘if’ + ‘-ed’ form. A search in iWeb for: if _VVN 1 IF NEEDED 103856 If needed, I will speak for you. 2 IF DESIRED 43002 3 IF REQUIRED 42676 4 IF USED 28178 5 IF GIVEN 14680 6 IF
if + past participle Read More »
In this structure, an imperative verb is used at the beginning of the sentence to express a command or instruction. This sets up a condition or action that the listener or reader is encouraged to perform. The ‘and’ conjunction is then used to connect the condition with the consequence, which describes the result or outcome
imperative + AND + clause Read More »
The adverb ‘undeniably‘ is used to emphasize that something cannot be denied or disputed. It is listed at C2 in the English Vocabulary Profile with the meaning: in a way that is almost certainly true. For example: That‘s undeniably true. Listen In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 64 in ADVERBS/modifiers is defined as: a wide range of
absolutely | undoubtedly | undeniably Read More »
Adverbs of stance are a special category of adverbs that express the speaker’s attitude or viewpoint towards the content of a message. They are often used to indicate a statement’s degree of certainty, doubt, or objectivity. Some examples of adverbs of stance include arguably, assuredly, doubtlessly, probably, possibly, apparently, typically, and roughly. Stance adverbs can
wide range of stance adverbs Read More »
C1 modify a wide range of adverbs with other adverbs
ADVERBS/phrase
English Grammar Profile
adverb + adverb (wide range) Read More »
C1 point 60 in ADVERBS/modifiers is defined as: a wide range of adverbs with adjectives to express degree or intensity. A search in iWeb for: completely|totally|extremely _JJ 1 COMPLETELY DIFFERENT 110150 She’s a completely different person. Listen 2 EXTREMELY IMPORTANT 53789 It’s extremely important that I get an answer as soon as possible. Listen 3 TOTALLY DIFFERENT 47353 4 COMPLETELY NEW 39714 5 EXTREMELY DIFFICULT 36700 6 EXTREMELY HIGH 36501
completely | totally | extremely + ADJECTIVE Read More »
Usually, when ‘enough’ is used as a postmodifying adverb (after another adverb), it means ‘to the necessary degree.’ However in the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 58 in adverbs/phrases is defined as: post-modify adverbs with ‘enough to intensify’. The English Grammar Profile examples are all stance adverbs in the initial position: Strangely enough, Luckily enough, Sadly
C1 point 72 in ADJECTIVES/position is defined as: ‘ed’ form of a verb as an adjective, after a noun An iWeb search for: _NN _VVN _V 1 TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE 4472 2 INFORMATION PROVIDED IS 2814 3 FUNDS RAISED WILL 2143 The funds raised will support future research projects like Under the Radar. ABC 4 OPINIONS EXPRESSED ARE 2123 5 MONEY RAISED WILL 1897
PAST PARTICIPLE AS ADJECTIVE Read More »
C1 point 70 in ADJECTIVES is defined as: a postmodifier to make the superlative stronger in the structure superlative + postmodifier + noun All 3 examples in the EGP have ‘possible’ after a superlative. So here we do an iWeb search for: _JJT _JJ _NN 1 THE BEST POSSIBLE WAY 5783 2 THE BEST POSSIBLE
superlative + postmodifier + noun ‘the best possible way’ Read More »
Let’s look at a few student speaking test examples and one from an expert using extreme adverbs modifying gradable adjectives: There are a few cases in which the parents have been excellent guides to the students, and as you know guides are extremely important for a child‘s career. TLC male India C1 Native speaker: I haven’t read it but I‘ve seen the film, have you seen the film? Student: Yes, I have, but it’s totally different from the book. TLC male India B1 It’s absolutely necessary to find a solution, and I know that in some cases, for example, in some sports facilities built in Madrid, they are trying to remodel the space. TLC male Spain C1 These are all details that are incredibly easy to record contemporaneously but are also incredibly easy to forget later on.
extreme adverb + adjective Read More »
Here are examples of superlative phrases post-modified. Daily Telegraph You‘re taught how to run in the most efficient way possible to make it feel easy. You’re the best choice by far. Listen A year ago, Amy being pregnant would have been the best thing ever! listen C1 point 68 in the category of adjectives is defined as: postmodifier to make the superlative stronger, in the structure superlative + noun + postmodifier ‘possible’, ‘ever’, ‘by far’ For example: It’s one of the most influential artworks ever made. A
superlative + noun + postmodifier Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, C2 point 211 in MODALITY is defined as:
‘must not have been’ (especially with ‘easy’).
must not have been Read More »
Here are examples of using ‘shall’ in a formal context and to make a prediction: You shall shortly be sent home in disgrace. listen We shall have no peace until she goes. listen This post is another example of two overlapping grammar points found in two different categories in the English Grammar Profile. Although they are worded differently, they can be used to describe the exact same examples. C2
SHALL (formal & predictions) Read More »
Example: “Will you have achieved your goals by the end of the year?” The future perfect simple is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” followed by the subject, then “have” and the past participle of the main verb. In this case, the main verb is “achieved,” which is the past participle form of “achieve.”
future perfect simple question Read More »
The modal verbs: Will / Shall are often used with the pronouns I and we to show our intentions and to make promises with future simple. In the mid-position, the adverbs: ‘always’ and ‘never’ can make it quite clear that these statements are intended to be true for a long time. For example: This is a day we shall
will | shall + always | never (long-term intention) Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, C2 point 66 in the category of FUTURE is defined as: INVERSION present simple with ‘only when’ (followed by ‘will’ and inverted subject) to refer to the future. A search on Google News: The Irish Times Miriam Lord: Séamus the Dog beats Mary Lou to the hard questions “And
Only when + PRESENT SIMPLE + will INVERTED SUBJECT Read More »
It -clefts consist of the pronoun it, a form of the verb to be, the focused element, and a relative-like dependant clause introduced by that, who/which or zero. grin.com In the English Vocabulary Profile (EVP), the pronoun ‘it’ is C2 when it emphasizes one part of a sentence. The example given in the EVP matches two C2 grammar points in the
