PREPOSITIONS

  • Prepositions govern and often precede a noun or pronoun.
  • A preposition expresses a relation to another word or element.

ALONG

ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS

‘Along’ is a preposition or an adverb.  In the iWeb corpus the tagging by part of speech: 1 ALONG WITH (II21) 1742449 (two-part complex prepositional phrase) Within the next forty-eight hours,  you, along with the rest of the Wizarding World,  will choose our next great leader. listen 2 ALONG (II) 812587 4 ALONG (RP) 476307 6 ALONG (RR) 11996  

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indefinite pronouns: SOMEBODY SOMEONE EVERYBODY EVERYONE

A2, complements, indefinite, object, PREPOSITIONS, PRONOUNS, subject

Here are the search results in iWeb corpus for the frequency of indefinite pronouns with the tag: _PN1 1 SOMETHING 7038440 B1  (want + object + infinitive) Are you sure you don’t want something to eat? No, thanks.  I‘m fine. listen 2 ONE 7014912 3 EVERYTHING 3661675 4 SOMEONE 3447852 5 ANYTHING 3347394 6 EVERYONE 3007402 7 NOTHING 2966176 8 ANYONE 2741077 9 NO

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degree adverb modifying preposition

ADVERBS, B1, degree, modify, PREPOSITIONS

In the English Grammar Profile, B1 point 9 in PREPOSITIONS is defined as: adverbs of degree to modify prepositions and prepositional phrases. (have to check each match that it’s actually modifying the preposition and not something else) A check on google for Adverbs of degree: Common adverbs of degree: Almost, nearly, quite, just, too, enough, hardly, scarcely, completely,

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noun phrase + prepositional phrase

B1, NOUNS, phrases, PREPOSITIONS

Here are student examples of using noun phrases + prepositional phrases: On the whole, I believe that it is a good choice for the development of our children. PELIC Arabic Male level 4 writing class I can take a picture at the top of the mountain but also draw a picture at the same place. PELIC Korean female level 4 writing class. *note, ‘at the top of the‘ is the third most frequent 5-word Ngram in English. iWeb 178,011 Here’s an expert example of a prepositional phrase

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fronted preposition + relative pronoun

B2, CLAUSES, complements, formal, PREPOSITIONS, PRONOUNS, relative, stranding

Wh-relatives can be preceded by a preposition unlike ‘that’ or ‘zero’ relatives.  For example: This is the thing which I am interested in.  (stranded preposition) This is the thing in which I am interested. (fronted preposition) This is the thing that I am interested in. (stranding) This is the thing I am interested in. (‘zero’ relative pronoun and stranding) In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 12 in the category of PREPOSITIONs is defined as: preposition + relative pronoun as complement, to

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BELOW

ADVERBS, C1, PREPOSITIONS

A search in iWeb for how ‘below’ is tagged, reveals that the most common usage is: 1 BELOW (RL) 2387501 locative adverb = This is often C1 grammar related to locating elements in discourse.  (in printed text) mentioned further down on the same page, or further on in the text. 1 (SEE BELOW). 24319 You will be an employee and receive full benefits (see

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PAST

ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS, NOUNS, PREPOSITIONS

1 PAST (JJ) 606963 The most common collocates of ‘past’ as an adjective:  year, month, decade You have suffered terribly this past year, but you came to understand your anxiety, and that it was never to be acted upon. Gone 2 PAST (NN1) 490293 (noun) In the past, they‘ve always let me choose my own nurses. Catch Me If You Can  3 PAST (II) 309069 4 PAST (RL) 55074 5 PAST (RT) 16486

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RATHER

ADVERBS, B1, CONJUNCTIONS, PREPOSITIONS

1 RATHER THAN (II21 II22) 956100 = most commonly found as a complex prepositional phrase.  This grammar point is already covered here. 2 RATHER (RG) 529786 = ‘Rather’ as a degree adverb usually modifies an adjective. 1 BUT (CCB) RATHER (RG_RR@) A (AT1) 22044 2 A (AT1) RATHER (RG) LARGE (JJ) 7161 3 BUT (CCB) RATHER

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OFF

ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS

1  (RP) ‘off’ is an adverb particle most often and often appears followed by punctuation, a preposition or conjunction. 4 OFF (II) 1161417   PHRASES: 5 OFF of (II21) 6 ‘OFF’ is found as an adjective before a noun.  ‘off season’.  (JJ%)  8 OFF (JJ22) 31880 11 OFF (RR21) 15526 1 IT (PPH1) OFF (RP)

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INSIDE

ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS

‘Inside’ is a preposition before a noun phrase. A search in iWeb corpus for inside_II * * * * 1 INSIDE THE HOUSE. 775 I was just meant to use your girl  to get inside the house  and stop you setting off the alarms. listen 2 INSIDE THE BOX. 673 3 INSIDE THE HOME. 607 4 INSIDE THE BUILDING. 573 5 INSIDE THE MIND OF A 495 6

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AROUND

ADVERBS, PREPOSITIONS

1 AROUND (II) 2642412 2 AROUND (RP) 2001519 1 BEEN (VBN) AROUND (RP) FOR (IF) 57254 2 WAY (NN1) AROUND (RP) . (.) 26838 3 TIME (NNT1) AROUND (RP) . (.) 23802 4 TIME (NNT1) AROUND (RP) , (,) 22216 5 PLAY (VVI) AROUND (RP) WITH (IW) 20354 6 PLAYING (VVG) AROUND (RP) WITH (IW)

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