B2 English Grammar Profile point 61 in the category of PAST is defined as: negative form of the present perfect simple with ‘still’ to emphasise that something that was expected to happen continues not to happen. An iWeb search for: still have|has _xx _vvn 1 STILL HAVE N’T FOUND 1847 2 STILL HAVE N’T GOTTEN […]
STILL + present perfect simple negative ‘still haven’t found’ Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 59 in the category of PAST is defined: past perfect simple AFTER ‘BECAUSE’ giving explanatory information. Here are examples of past perfect simple used to give explanations. Someone even wiped away tears because she had done it, she had connected them to information differently, she helped them see something they couldn’t unsee. TED Vicky called because her husband had suddenly collapsed in the hallway of their home. TED A search in iWeb for because _P had _VVN 1 BECAUSE I HAD HEARD
BECAUSE + past perfect simple Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 58 in the category of PAST is past perfect continuous negative. 1 HAD NOT BEEN DRINKING 180 Kankakee Daily Journal Canfield said he had not been drinking. Canfield called 911 a third time to report the neighbor was back home. 2 HAD NOT BEEN WORKING 144 3
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B2 Point 57 in the category of past and perfect simple is defined as: REPORTS OF QUESTIONS where the main verb in the reporting clause is in the past simple. *However, only by investigating the rest of the EGP do we discover that there is an B1 point that clashes here for yes-no questions in
past perfect simple (report of question) Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 56 in PAST perfect simple is defined as: invert the subject and auxiliary verb with ‘no sooner … than’ to talk about something that happened immediately before something else, often in formal contexts This is quite a rare structure. 1 NO SOONER HAD HE SAID 30 2 NO
NO SOONER + past perfect – than Read More »
B2 point 54 in the category of PAST is defined as: past perfect simple with a wide range of adverbs (including ‘finally’, ‘recently’, ‘simply’) in the normal mid-position. B1 point 46 in the category of PAST is defined as: past perfect simple with a limited range of adverbs (including ‘never’, ‘ever’, ‘just’, ‘always’, ‘already’) in
past perfect simple + adverb Read More »
B2 PAST | adverbs in the normal mid position
present perfect progressive
English Grammar Profile
present perfect continuous + adverb Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 51 in the category of PAST and present perfect simple is defined as: question form with an increasing range of verbs. For example: How much sleep have they actually lost? TED Looking for variable-length questions on iWeb is always a hard task. Here is only one set pattern that finds some. Note that we
present perfect simple questions + increasing range of verbs Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 27 in the category of PASSIVES is defined as: present perfect simple passive affirmative Here’s an example from englishclass101.com: Traditionally, these meetings have been held Wednesday at noon, every other week. Here are 50 head verbs that go in the present perfect simple passive affirmative verb phrase from the iWeb corpus. 1
present perfect simple passive affirmative Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 Point 23 in the category of PASSIVES is PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE. 1 HAD BEEN MADE 19943 2 HAD BEEN GIVEN 14661 3 HAD BEEN TAKEN 13070 4 HAD BEEN USED 11665 5 HAD BEEN KILLED 10350 6 HAD BEEN TOLD 9141 7 HAD BEEN FOUND 8666 8 HAD
past perfect passive Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 20 in the category of PASSIVES is defined as: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE, NEGATIVE often in the context of reporting reported speech A search on iWeb for _vh _xx been _vvn: 1 HAS NOT BEEN ESTABLISHED 3143 2 HAS NOT BEEN SEEN 3058 3 HAS NOT BEEN RELEASED
present perfect simple negative passive Read More »
After ‘BE’, a word ending with ‘wn’ is usually past participle. Some exceptions are ‘known’ (where it might be an adjective) ‘down’, ‘brown’, ‘well-known’ and ‘unknown’. 1 IS KNOWN 377649 Unfortunately, that is what is known as a conflict of interest. listen 2 ARE KNOWN 143646 3 IS (VBZ) SHOWN (VVN) 130843 4 BEEN SHOWN 110513 It has not been shown to the court‘s satisfaction that these particular Africans fit that description.
BE + *WN word ending Read More »
have + any word ending in -N is mostly the past particple. 1 HAVE (VH0) BEEN (VBN) 4654731 2 HAVE (VHI) BEEN (VBN) 1747554 3 HAVE (VH0) AN (AT1) 717741 4 HAVE (VHI) AN (AT1) 535041 5 HAVE (VH0) SEEN (VVN) 392450 6 HAVE (VH0) TAKEN (VVN) 185129 7 HAVE (VH0) IN (II) 155754 8
-N present perfect suffix Read More »
The past perfect passive simple negative is a verb form that expresses an action that had not been done to someone or something in the past. For example:
The cake had not been baked when the guests arrived.
He had not been told the truth by his parents.
To form this verb tense, you need to use had not (or hadn’t) + been + the past participle of the main verb.
had not been + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 188 in the category of MODALITY is defined as: PAST NEGATIVE, ‘can’t’ or ‘cannot have’ + ‘-ed’ to make deductions. It means that if we cannot have fired those torpedoes, someone else did. listen A search in iWeb: 1 CA N’T HAVE HELPED 61 The New York Times Emma Thompson Can’t Live Without Hannah Gadsby and
can’t have past participle Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, B2 point 163 MODALITY is defined as: ‘may’ in phrases such as ‘as you may know’, or ‘as you may have’ + ‘-ed’ to focus the reader on shared knowledge. This partly overlaps point 168 MODALITY and PAST AFFIRMATIVE of ‘may have’ + ‘-ed’ to talk about possibility in the
may have + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
These constructions allow for the formation of negative questions by adding the negative contractions (“don’t” or “doesn’t” for “do,” and “haven’t” or “hasn’t” for “have”) before the subject and the base form or past participle of the main verb. This structure is particularly useful for seeking confirmation or clarification when expressing negation.
Don’t you think ? | Haven’t you heard ? Read More »
B1 MODALITY imagined situations in the past
| PAST AFFIRMATIVE ‘would have’ + ‘-ed’
| PAST NEGATIVE ‘would not have’ + ‘-ed’ or ‘wouldn’t have’ + ‘-ed’
(English Grammar Profile)
would ( not ) have + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, there are essentially the same two points in the category of Modality at B2 for the same form. Point 144 is defined as: DEDUCTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: perfect form of ‘must’ to make deductions about the past. and point 166: PAST AFFIRMATIVE must have’ + ‘-ed’. For example: He had come such a long way, and his dream must have seemed so close that he could
MUST HAVE + past participle Read More »
The structure ought to have + past participle is used to talk about things which were supposed to happen but did not, or to express regret or criticism. Here are some examples with the most common past participles: You ought to have known better than to trust him. He is a liar. She ought to have done her homework before
ought to have + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
