absolutely

phrase ellipsis

B1, CLAUSES, CONJUNCTIONS, ellipsis, GSE, phrases

Here’s a student example of verb phrase ellipsis: You need to study hard to pass the test unless you don’t want to. PELIC Arabic female level 4 grammar class Although there are a number of grammar points in the English Grammar Profile to do with Ellipsis, there are none that cover the ellipsis of phrases before or after the ‘TO’ infinitive.  Therefore, we turn to Pearson’s GSE

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MUST (ellipsis of following verb)

B1, ellipsis, MODALITY, VERBS

In the English Grammar Profile, B1 point 71 in the category of MODALITY is defined: ‘must’ with the following verb ellipted where the previous main verb is understood *an ellipted subject is also B1. PELIC STUDENT EXAMPLE: [The] coach must have a capability to solve problems of teammates, just as business managers must. Korean Female level 5 writing class   EXPERT EXAMPLE: We can do this because we must. We did an iWeb search

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would + easily | strongly | especially | actually | absolutely | gladly

ADVERBS, C1, MODALITY, range

C1 point 178 in MODALITY is defined as: an increasing range of adverbs with ‘would’, including ‘strongly’, ‘easily’, ‘especially’, ‘actually’, ‘absolutely’, ‘gladly’ A search in iWeb for: would easily|strongly|especially|actually|absolutely|gladly _VVI 1 WOULD STRONGLY RECOMMEND 4687 2 WOULD STRONGLY SUGGEST 2216 3 WOULD ABSOLUTELY LOVE 1889 4 WOULD ABSOLUTELY RECOMMEND 1773 5 WOULD ACTUALLY MAKE 1435

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absolutely | undoubtedly | undeniably

ADVERBS, C1, C2, certainty, emphasis, modify, range, true

The adverb ‘undeniably‘ is used to emphasize that something cannot be denied or disputed.  It is listed at C2 in the English Vocabulary Profile with the meaning: in a way that is almost certainly true.  For example: That‘s undeniably true. Listen In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 64 in ADVERBS/modifiers is defined as: a wide range of

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extreme adverb + adjective

ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS, C1, degree, extreme, intensity, modify

Let’s look at a few student speaking test examples and one from an expert using extreme adverbs modifying gradable adjectives: There are a few cases in which the parents have been excellent guides to the students, and as you know guides are extremely important for a child‘s career. TLC male India C1   Native speaker: I haven’t read it but I‘ve seen the film, have you seen the film? Student: Yes, I have, but it’s totally different from the book. TLC male India B1   It’s absolutely necessary to find a solution,  and I know that in some cases, for example,  in some sports facilities built in Madrid, they are trying to remodel the space. TLC male Spain C1   These are all details that are incredibly easy to record contemporaneously but are also incredibly easy to forget later on.

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