NN1

-ise SUFFIX

The “-ise” suffix is a common spelling variant of the verb-forming suffix “-ize.” It is primarily used in British English, while in American English, the corresponding spelling is “-ize.” The suffix “-ise” (or “-ize”) is added to the end of a noun or adjective to create a verb form. For example, real ⇒ realise advert […]

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possessive determiner + OWN

At A2 level in the English Vocabulary Profile, the adjective ‘own’ is used with a possessive to emphasize ownership or belonging. This usage is common in advanced phrases, sometimes in C1 adverbial phrases describing the manner in which something is done. ‘Own’ can also function as a pronoun, referring back to a noun phrase. Additionally, ‘own’ can mean ‘alone’ at B1 level.

Examples of usage include sentences like “The least you could do is allow me to live here in my own way,” emphasizing personal ownership, and “Feel free to use our pool, but use it at your own risk,” indicating individual responsibility. Moreover, phrases like “on their own” and “of their own” are frequently used to express independence and ownership.

Furthermore, ‘own’ can be part of idiomatic expressions such as “mind your own business,” which means to tell someone in a rude way not to inquire about something private.

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apposition

Point 36 in the category of  NOUNS is defined as: two noun phrases together (in apposition) to refer to the same person or thing, usually separated by commas.   EXPERT EXAMPLES: With the lack of competition due to COVID restrictions, Moraga’s Campolindo High School senior, Daniel Zabronsky, has been channelling his energy into teaching English to students in Colombia, South America.   Zabronsky’s eighth-grade sister, Isabel, did her share of “tutoring” by speaking in English during visits to Colombia.

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too | so + much

We use too before an adjective or adverb to mean ‘more than we need or want’. For example:

This shirt is too big for me.
You are driving too fast.
We use too much or too many before a noun to mean ‘more than we need or want’. For example:

There is too much sugar in this cake. (uncountable noun)
There are too many people in this room. (countable noun)
We use so much or so many before a noun to mean ‘a large amount of something’. For example:

I have so much work to do. (uncountable noun)
She has so many friends. (countable noun)

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pronouns (gender neutral)

Point 68 in the category of PRONOUNS is defined as: ‘he/she’, ‘he’ or ‘she’ or ‘they’ to refer back to gender neutral singular nouns or indefinite pronouns when we are not sure of the gender. Unfortunately these are incredibly hard to locate in corpora due to the punctuation or many other combinations within the clusters. 

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-ORY noun adjective suffix

1 HISTORY (NN1) 3291043 2 STORY (NN1) 3184406 3 MEMORY (NN1) 1152441 4 THEORY (NN1) 854191 5 CATEGORY (NN1) 802465 6 VICTORY (NN1) 569542 7 FACTORY (NN1) 534302 8 DIRECTORY (NN1) 472252 9 INVENTORY (NN1) 433730 10 REGULATORY (JJ) 344896 11 TERRITORY (NN1) 335570 12 LABORATORY (NN1) 327694 13 GLORY (NN1) 290624 14 ADVISORY (JJ)

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-IAN adjective noun suffix

1 AUSTRALIAN (JJ) 710846 2 CANADIAN (JJ_NN1) 668799 3 CHRISTIAN (JJ) 576614 4 INDIAN (JJ) 427053 5 RUSSIAN (JJ) 400558 6 BRIAN (NP1) 365292 7 PHYSICIAN (NN1) 350753 8 ITALIAN (JJ_NN1) 322927 9 ASIAN (JJ) 261909 10 GUARDIAN (NN1) 213597 11 IAN (NP1) 180509 12 MUSICIAN (NN1) 135424 13 SYRIAN (JJ) 132610 14 VICTORIAN (JJ)

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PAST

1 PAST (JJ) 606963 The most common collocates of ‘past’ as an adjective:  year, month, decade You have suffered terribly this past year, but you came to understand your anxiety, and that it was never to be acted upon. Gone 2 PAST (NN1) 490293 (noun) In the past, they‘ve always let me choose my own nurses. Catch Me If You Can  3 PAST (II) 309069 4 PAST (RL) 55074 5 PAST (RT) 16486

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-CY noun suffix

1 POLICY (NN1) 2204112 2 AGENCY (NN1) 1102271 3 EMERGENCY (NN1) 818292 4 PRIVACY (NN1) 731171 5 EFFICIENCY (NN1) 552884 6 FREQUENCY (NN1) 494039 7 PREGNANCY (NN1) 407835 8 ACCURACY (NN1) 397629 9 LEGACY (NN1) 367107 10 CURRENCY (NN1) 363281 11 CONSISTENCY (NN1) 227832 12 DEMOCRACY (NN1) 219458 13 MERCY (NN1) 195827 14 TRANSPARENCY (NN1)

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-ION noun suffix

1 INFORMATION (NN1) 9250457 2 EDUCATION (NN1) 3194798 3 MILLION (NNO) 3130497 4 VERSION (NN1) 2707047 5 APPLICATION (NN1) 2653291 6 QUESTION (NN1) 2584965 7 SECTION (NN1) 2507191 8 ACTION (NN1) 2471018 9 OPTION (NN1) 2458419 10 POSITION (NN1) 2286818 11 LOCATION (NN1) 1985254 12 PRODUCTION (NN1) 1879308 13 SOLUTION (NN1) 1774469 14 DECISION (NN1)

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HALF

1 HALF The word ‘half’ is typically a before determiner or pre-determiner capable of pronominal function. (DB) 1183937 Here are 10 examples of the intensifier phrase ‘more than‘ premodifying the determiner ‘half’: 1 MORE THAN HALF A CENTURY 3921 It‘s been more than half a century. 2 MORE THAN HALF A MILLION 3884 3 MORE THAN HALF AN HOUR 1064

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-ment noun suffix

1 DEVELOPMENT (NN1) 3639014 2 GOVERNMENT (NN1) 3466025 3 MANAGEMENT (NN1) 3432275 4 DEPARTMENT (NN1) 2393384 5 TREATMENT (NN1) 2064906 6 ENVIRONMENT (NN1) 1967654 7 MOMENT (NN1) 1547243 8 EQUIPMENT (NN1) 1536861 9 STATEMENT (NN1) 1456050 10 INVESTMENT (NN1) 1423252 11 PAYMENT (NN1) 1406592 12 AGREEMENT (NN1) 1205911 13 MOVEMENT (NN1) 1176689 14 DOCUMENT (NN1)

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