Here’s an example of past modality:
You HAD TO HAVE KNOWN about the problem before you started driving.
Before the car broke down on the highway, I am sure you noticed something was wrong with the car.
‘HAVE’ to have + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
In the English Grammar Profile, C1 point 36 in the category of PASSIVES is defined as: ‘it’ as a dummy subject, to summarise or evaluate in discussions, usually in formal or academic writing. This point often overlaps C1 impersonal modal passive reporting. *This might clash with B2. A search of the formal patterns found in the
‘It should be noted that’ (passives to summarise) Read More »
C1 English Grammar Profile point 61 in FUTURE is defined as: future perfect simple with adverbs in the normal mid-position For example: Something somewhere will always have changed. An iWeb search for: will _R have _VVN 1 WILL PROBABLY HAVE NOTICED 102 Forbes How To Make This E-Commerce Holiday Season Your Best Yet Anyone shopping in-store will probably have noticed the first few holiday decorations being put up. 2 WILL
will + ADVERB + have + PAST PARTICIPLE Read More »
There are 5 formally related grammar points in the English Grammar Profile in the category of FUTURE/perfect simple with ‘will.’ Many of them overlap and at C1 they are very rare and hard to find in corpora. An example from the iWeb corpus of the future perfect form used for a polite assumption about the
will have + PAST PARTICIPLE (future perfect) Read More »
